Y Gododdin: Britain's Oldest Heroic Poem (English and Welsh Edition)

The Brittonic kingdom of the Gododdin lay in the south-east of modern day Scotland and the north-east of modern-day England. Around 600 AD, a 300-strong band of crack warriors set out from the region to attack the invading English, meeting in battle at Catraeth (Catterick). Though the men of the Gododdin were reputed to have slain seven times their number of the enemy, they were overwhelmed by superior numbers and perished without a survivor. Y Gododdin is a poem composed as if by a witness of these catastrophic events, in a form of Early Welsh, the language spoken in that part of northern Britain in the sixth century. As the earliest known major work of literature in a native language of the British Isles, and likely to predate the more well-known Beowulf, it is of huge cultural importance. It survives for us in a thirteenth-century written source known as the Book of Aneirin. The poem is both an elegy for the fallen warriors and a eulogy to their fidelity to both their chieftain and the ideal of heroic conduct in battle. Although it records an event which ended in total disaster, Y Gododdin exalts the concept of the warrior who welcomes a death in battle which leads to enduring fame and honor. It does so memorably, using the Welsh language of the early period in its pristine vigour. By presenting the text for the first time in modern orthography, with the stanzas translated line by line, and providing a superbly informative Introduction, Bibliography, Notes and Glossary, Professor Jarman made the earliest existing Welsh literary masterpiece accessible even to the casual reader.Table of ContentsA page from the Book of AneirinACKNOWLEDGEMENTSMapPREFACEINTRODUCTIONGeneralThe ManuscriptThe Text BackgroundThe PoetThe PoemHeroic Society and the Heroic IdealLiterary CharacteristicsThe InterpolationsThe GorchanauAuthenticity, Date and TransmissionMetrical FeaturesThe Fame of Y GododdinLanguageLines OmittedBibliography and ReferencesOther Works AbbreviationsY GODODDINTranslation and TextThe Reciter's PrologueCynyDomnall BreccDinogad's SmockThe Gorchan of Tudfwlch (Selections)The Gorchan of Cynfelyn (Selections)NOTESGLOSSARYPROPER NAMES Read more